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Howard Garner & Multiple Intelligence
Instead of focusing on the analysis of test scores, Gardner proposed that numerical expressions of human intelligence are not a full and accurate depiction of people's abilities. Garner proposed a theory that describes eight distinct intelligence's that are based on skills and abilities. These eight different abilities are:
- Visual-Spacial Intelligence: ability to think in terms of physical space, very aware of surrounding environments. People who like to draw, do jigsaw puzzles, read maps and daydream.
- Verbal-Linguistic Intelligence: ability to use words effectively, they have highly developed auditory skills. They enjoy reading, playing word games and making up stories.
- Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence: use the body effectively, like a dancer or a surgeon. Keen sense of body awareness, people who like movement, making things and touching. Communicate best through body language and can be taught through physical activity.
- Logical-Mathematic Intelligence: ability to have reason and calculate problems. These people think conceptually/abstractly and are able to see and explore patters and relationships.
- Interpersonal Intelligence: ability to understand and interact well with others. These people learn through interaction and have many friends. They can be taught through group activities, seminars and dialogues.
- Musical Intelligence: shows sensitivity to rhythm and sound. Love music and study best with music in the background. They can be taught by turning lessons into lyrics, speaking rhythmically and tapping out time.
- Intrapersonal Intelligence: ability to understand one's own interests and goals. They tend to shy away from others but they are very aware of their own inner feelings. More easily taught through independent study and introspection.
- Naturalistic Intelligence: People who are more in tune with nature and are interested in nurturing, exploring the environment and learning about new species. They are highly aware of subtle changes in the environment.
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Text Sources:
http://psychology.about.com/od/cognitivepsychology/p/intelligence.htm
http://www.tecweb.org/styles/gardner.html
http://psychology.about.com/od/educationalpsychology/ss/multiple-intell_9.htm
http://psychology.about.com/od/cognitivepsychology/p/intelligence.htm
http://www.tecweb.org/styles/gardner.html
http://psychology.about.com/od/educationalpsychology/ss/multiple-intell_9.htm